These UK surveys can be used to produce national estimates. 

They can all be used to describe a population at one point of time and most can be used to compare populations at more than one time point. Many are large surveys that are used to inform policy.

• Discover data from UK surveys
• Discover case studies relating to UK surveys

• Annual Population Survey

  The Annual Population Survey (APS) combines data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and national boosts. Datasets contain 12 months of data and responses from 155,000 households and 360,000 people. It thus improves intercensal monitoring of key variables for a range of policy purposes.

• British Social Attitudes

  This National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) survey tracks people's changing social, political and moral attitudes and informs the development of public policy. It has been conducted since 1983, with over 3,000 respondents annually and questions repeated periodically. 

• Citizenship Survey

  The Citizenship Survey was conducted seven times between 2001 and 2011. It was designed to capture information on community cohesion, civic engagement, race and faith, and volunteering.

• Continuous Household Survey

  The Continuous Household Survey (CHS) is one of the largest continuous surveys carried out in Northern Ireland. It has been conducted by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) since 1983 and covers a wide range of of social and economic issues.

• Crime Survey for England and Wales

  The Crime Survey for England and Wales (formerly British Crime Survey) asks over 50,000 people living in households in England and Wales about their experiences of crime in the last 12 months. 

• English Housing Survey

  The English Housing Survey was formed by merging the Survey of English Housing and English House Condition Survey. It is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) that collects information from 17,000 households annually on housing circumstances.

• European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions

  This is an instrument aimed at collecting timely and comparable cross-sectional and longitudinal microdata on income, poverty and social exclusion. The available datasets are cross-sectional data for the UK. 

• Family Expenditure Survey

  The Family Expenditure Survey (FES) is a continuous survey of household expenditure and income which ran from 1957. In 2001 the FES was merged with the National Food Survey(NFS) to create the Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS). 

• Family Resources Survey

  The Family Resources Survey (FRS) is a continuous survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics and National Centre for Social Research with an annual target sample of 24,000 private households. Respondents are asked a wide range of questions about their financial circumstances including receipt of Social Security benefits, housing costs, assets and savings.

• FRS Individual Income Series

  The Individual Income Series provides estimates of the individual income of men and women in Great Britain and changes in income over time. The data are derived directly from the Family Resources Survey (FRS) and the Households Below Average Income (HBAI).

• General Lifestyle Survey

  The General Lifestyle Survey (formerly the General Household Survey) was a multi-purpose survey carried out by the Office for National Statistics from 1971-2012. It was a survey of private households on a wide range of topics.

• Health Survey for England

  The Health Survey for England is a series of annual surveys carried out since 1991 with a number of core questions and a particular topic focus. The survey uses a mixture of questionnaires, physical measurements and blood samples.

• Integrated Household Survey

  The Integrated Household Survey (IHS) datasets provide data from the core variables of individual survey modules, including the Annual Population Survey, Life Opportunities Survey and Living Costs and Food Survey.

• Labour Force Survey

  The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a survey of the employment circumstances of the UK population. It is the largest survey with a consistent design and provides the official measures of employment and unemployment.

• Life Opportunities Survey

  The Life Opportunities Survey (LOS) is carried out by the Office for National Statistics on behalf of the Office for Disability Issues. The survey started in June 2009 with a random sample of 37,500 households across Britain and tracks the experiences of disabled people over time.

• Living Costs and Food Survey

  The Living Costs and Food Survey (LCF) replaced the Expenditure and Food Survey in 2008. It collects information on spending patterns and the cost of living. It is conducted by the Office for National Statistics and achieves a sample of around 6,000 households.

• Living in Wales Survey

  The Living in Wales Survey series (LIW) was the main general source of statistical information about households and the condition of homes in Wales and ran from 2004 to 2008, consisting of a household survey and a property survey. It has now been succeeded by the National Survey for Wales.

• National Food Survey

  The National Food Survey was originally set up in 1940 by the then Ministry of Food to monitor the adequacy of diets during wartime. About 8,000 households took part each year until 2000 when it was replaced by the Living Costs and Food Survey. 

• National Survey for Wales

  The National Survey for Wales (NSW) is the Welsh Government's key source of information on people's views on a range of topics such as public services, local area and safety and wellbeing. The pilot study ran from 2009-2010.

• National Travel Survey

  The National Travel Survey (NTS) is a series of household surveys to study personal travel behaviour. Data are available starting in 1972 although the survey design has changed since then. Recent studies have data from around 8,000 households.

• Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey

  The Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey (FES) was a continuous survey of household expenditure and income that started in 1967 and linked with the Great Britain FES in 1968 to create a UK survey. It was superceded in 2001 by the Expenditure and Food Survey. For most of its existence, data are available for both the UK and separately for Northern Ireland.

• Northern Ireland Labour Force Survey

  The Northern Ireland Labour Force Survey is carried out by the Central Survey Unit of the Northern Ireland Research and Statistics Agency (NISRA). It is closely related to the Great Britain survey and feeds into UK statistics. The data are also available separately for Northern Ireland from 1995-2000.

• Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey

  The Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey is a descendent of the Northern Ireland Social Attitudes Survey. It was launched in 1998 and monitors the attitudes and behaviour of people in Northern Ireland. 

• Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (formerly ONS Opinions Survey and ONS Omnibus Survey)

  The Opinions and Lifestyle Survey is a regular multi-purpose survey which, since 2005, has run monthly covering core demographic information with non-core questions that vary from month to month.

• Scottish Crime and Justice Survey

  In 2008 the Scottish Crime and Justice Survey (SCJS) replaced the Scottish Crime and Victimisation Survey (following the Scottish Crime Survey). It asks about experiences and perceptions of crime in Scotland. It currently involves interviewing a selected adult in 16,000 households across Scotland annually.

• Scottish Health Survey

  This survey provides a detailed picture of the health of the Scottish population in private households. Although surveys were undertaken in 1995, 1998 and 2003, it became continuous in 2008.

• Scottish Social Attitudes Survey

  The Scottish Social Attitudes Survey (SSA) is an annual sister survey to the British Social Attitudes Survey, to chart and interpret attitudes on a range of issues. The sample is based on approximately 1,600 adults and data is available on an annual basis since 1999.

• Survey of Carers in Households 2009/10

  The Survey of Carers in Households 2009-10 was commissioned by the Department of Health as part of the Government's Carers' Strategy Programme. An initial screening survey of almost 24,000 cases yielded 2,401 carers for the main study.

• Survey of English Housing

  The Survey of English Housing (SEH) was a continuous annual survey series which began in 1993 and had a sample of 20,000 responding households each year. It provided information on tenure, owner occupation, social rented and private rented accommodation. It was superceded by the English Housing Survey (EHS) in 2008.

• Time Use Survey

  The UK Time Use Survey measures the amount of time spent by the UK population on various activities. Data are collected using a household questionnaire, individual questionnaire and two 24-hour self-completion diaries.

• Vital Statistics

  The Vital Statistics (VS) are tabular data on births, dealths and marriages. Various tables are available from the UK Data Service from 1981 to 2006.

• Welsh Health Survey

  The Welsh Health Survey (WHS) was first collected in 2003-04 and it collects information about the health of people living in Wales, the way they use health services and the factors that can affect their health. It replaced the Health in Wales Survey.

• Workplace Employment Relations Survey

  The Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS) provides reliable, nationally representative data on the state of workplace relations and employment practices in Britain.  Data are available for several years from 1980 in cross-sectional, panel and linked formats.

• Young People's Social Attitudes Survey

  The Young People's Social Attitudes (YPSA) survey is conducted by the National Centre for Social Research as part of the British Social Attitudes Survey. It has been conducted on an occasional basis.

Cross-national surveys typically refer to studies where the same survey instrument and - where practical - methods and fieldwork protocols are used across many nations. 

We hold several surveys of this type and point users to where they can access other key cross-national surveys online.

• Discover data from cross-national surveys
• Discover case studies relating to cross-national surveys

• Eurobarometer Surveys

  The Eurobarometer (EB) survey series is a programme of cross-national and cross-temporal comparative social research conducted on behalf of the European Commission and is designed to monitor social and political attitudes.

• European Company Survey

  The European Company Survey (ECS) (formerly the Establishment Survey on Working Time and Work-Life Balance (ESWT)) aims to map working time policies and practices at the level of the establishment in the European Union and to survey the views of the different actors at establishment level on these policies and practices.

• European Election Study

  European Election Studies (EES) have taken place for six of the seven European parliamentary elections held since 1979, with the exception of 1984. The format for each EES is a core survey – maintaining comparability over time – and a thematic module, chosen for its pertinence to the election.

• European Quality of Life Survey

  The European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) was carried out in 2003 and 2007, covering around 30 countries. The survey examines a range of issues, such as employment, income, education, housing, family, health, work-life balance, life satisfaction and perceived quality of society.

• European Social Survey

  The European Social Survey (ESS) is a biennial multi-country survey covering over 30 nations. Its aim is to measure and explain trends in attitudes, beliefs and values across countries in Europe and its close neighbours.

• European and World Values Studies

  The European Values Study and World Values Survey series are designed to enable a cross-national, cross-cultural comparison of values and norms on a wide variety of topics and to monitor changes in values and attitudes across the globe. The surveys provide data from representative national samples of the publics of more than 90 countries and cover a full range of social, economic, cultural and religious variation.

• European Working Conditions Survey

  The European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) provides an overview on the state of working conditions throughout Europe, as well as indicating the nature and content of changes affecting the workforce and the quality of work.

• International Social Survey Programme

  The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuing annual programme of cross-national collaboration on surveys covering topics important for social science research. Every survey includes questions about general attitudes toward various social issues such as the legal system, gender, and the economy.

• Young Lives: an International Study of Childhood Poverty

  The Young Lives study, which began in 2002, is an innovative long-term project investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty in four developing countries: Ethiopia, India (in the Andhra Pradesh state), Peru and Vietnam.

Longitudinal studies involve repeated observations of the same subjects, allowing researchers to analyse change at the individual level.

The UK is home to several key longitudinal studies, including major panel and internationally-renowned cohort studies.

• Discover data from longitudinal studies
• Discover case studies relating to longitudinal studies

• 1970 British Cohort Study

  The 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) follows the lives of more than 17,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales in a single week of 1970. Over the course of cohort members' lives, the BCS70 has has broadened from a strictly medical focus at birth to collect  information on health, physical, educational and social development, and economic circumstances among other factors.

• British Household Panel Survey

  The British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) was carried out by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) from 1991-2009 (Waves 1-18). From Wave 19, the BHPS became part of a new longitudinal study called Understanding Society.

• English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

  The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) study is a longitudinal survey of ageing and quality of life among older people. It explores the dynamic relationships between health and functioning, social networks and participation, and economic position as people plan for, move into and progress beyond retirement.

• Growing Up in Scotland

  The Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) study, is a longitudinal social survey which follows the lives of groups of Scotland's children from infancy through to their teens, and aims to provide important new information on young children and their families in Scotland.

• Longitudinal Study of Young People in England

  The Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE), also known as Next Steps, is a major panel study of young people. The study began in 2004, when its sample of young people were aged between 13 and 14.

• Millennium Cohort Study

  The Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), which began in 2000, is conducted by the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS). It aims to chart the conditions of social, economic and health advantages and disadvantages facing children born at the start of the 21st century.

• National Child Development Study

  The National Child Development Study (NCDS) is a continuing longitudinal study that seeks to follow the lives of all those living in Great Britain who were born in one particular week in 1958. Conducted by the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS), the aim of the study is to improve understanding of the factors affecting human development over the whole lifespan.

• Understanding Society

  The Understanding Society study, or the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), which began in 2009, is a multi-topic household survey. The study is a successor to the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS). 

The population census is a vital resource for social scientific research and policy development, providing a snapshot of demographic and social life in the UK that helps inform government policy at local and central level.

• Discover Census data
• Discover case studies relating to Census data

• Census data

  We hold a range of different types of census data, see our Census support site for more information.

Our international macrodata contain socio-economic time series data aggregated to a country or regional level for a range of countries over a substantial time period.

Many of the databanks are the current releases of the major statistical publications produced by intergovernmental organisations such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund or Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.

• Discover international macrodata
• Discover case studies relating to international macrodata

• Eurostat New Cronos

  The Eurostat New Cronos database contains high quality macroeconomic and social statistics time series data from 1950 onwards for the 25 European Union (EU) Member states and in many cases for the central European countries, Japan, the United States and the main economic partners of the EU.

• IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions from Fuel Combustion database provides a comparative analysis of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, a major source of anthropogenic emissions. The data are designed to assist in understanding the evolution of these emissions on a country, regional and worldwide basis.

• IEA Coal Information

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Coal Information database contains worldwide coal statistics covering production, trade, use in transformation (electricity and heat production) and final consumption in industry and other sectors from 1960 onwards.

• IEA Electricity Information

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Electricity Information database contains a time series of electricity statistics of OECD countries for supply, consumption, trade, capacity and price, and some projection data corresponding to the data shown in Part II of the annual IEA publication Electricity Information.

• Energy Prices and Taxes database

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Prices and Taxes database contains a major international compilation of energy prices at all market levels: import prices, industry prices and consumer prices. The statistics cover import costs and export prices of main petroleum products, natural gas and coal in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and some none OECD countries.

• IEA International Energy Agency Projections

  This dataset contains projections (1960 - 2040) for 28 International Energy Agency (IEA) countries that are collected directly from the Member countries for the series on Energy Policies of IEA Countries.

• IEA Energy Technology Research and Development Database

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Technology Research and Development Database contains annual time series from 1974 onwards and is divided into two parts: i) Gvernment Energy Technology R and D Budgets and ii) Economic Indicators (used for deflating and currency conversion).

• IEA Natural Gas Information

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Natural Gas Information database contains time series of annual gas supply balances for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD countries from 1960 onwards.

• IEA Oil Information

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Oil Information database contains time series of oil data for 30 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, from 1960 onwards.

• IEA Renewables Information

  The International Energy Agency (IEA) Renewables Information database contains complete time series of renewables and wastes statistics. The database contains time series of annual renewables and wastes data for OECD countries from 1990 onwards.

• IEA World Energy Balances

  This database contains energy balances for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and some non OECD countries. Detailed energy balances are provided in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe).

• IEA World Energy Statistics

  This database contains basic energy statistics for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and some non OECD countries. Data are provided for energy supply and consumption in original units for various types of coal, oil, gas, renewables and waste, as well as for electricity and heat.

• IMF Balance of Payment Statistics

  The IMF Balance of payment data (BOPS) record the flows of goods, services and finance between an economy and the rest of the world.

• IMF Direction of Trade Statistics

  The Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) contains data on the value of merchandise exports and imports between each country and all its trading partners. Total bilateral and multilateral exports and imports are aggregated at national or regional group level.

• IMF Government Finance Statistics

  The IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS) contains annual data on revenue income by source (tax, lending, bonds, etc), and expenditure by sector (defence, education, health, etc) for all levels of government (national, state, local).

• IMF International Finance Statistics

  International Financial Statistics (IFS) is the International Monetary Fund’s principal statistical publication and is the standard source for all aspects of international and domestic finance. It reports, for most countries, time series data on exchange rates, balance of payments, international liquidity, money and banking, interest rates, prices, production, international transactions, government accounts, national accounts and population.

• IMF World Economic Outlook

  The IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) database contains selected macroeconomic data series from the statistical appendix of the World Economic Outlook report, which presents the IMF staff's analysis and projections of economic developments at the global level, in major country groups and in many individual countries.

• OECD Education Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Education Statistics database contains an up-to-date array of comparative education statistics and indicators from OECD and non-OECD countries. It provides information on the human and financial resources invested in education, on access to, progression and completion of education, on how education and learning systems operate, and on the returns to educational investments.

• OECD International Development (Debt and Aid) Statistics

  Published annually by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC), the International Development (Debt and Aid) Statistics provide up-to-date comparative statistics and information on international development from 1975 onwards

• OECD International Direct Investment Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) International Direct Investment Statistics database provides annual statistics from 1980 onwards on international direct investment to and from the OECD area.

• OECD International Migration Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) International Migration Statistics include data on foreign and immigrant populations, foreign workers, migration flows and naturalisations for OECD member countries and others for a variety of periods from 1980 onwards.

• OECD International Trade by Commodities Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) International Trade by Commodities Statistics (ITCS) database contains annual time-series data from 1961 onwards on foreign trade of the OECD member countries and selected non-OECD countries . It provides detailed data on commodity and partner country in value and in quantity.

• OECD Main Economic Indicators

  The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Main Economic Indicators (MEI) presents annual, quarterly and monthly data for a wide range of short-term economic indicators for OECD Member countries and for a number of Non-Member countries.

• OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators

  The Main Science and Technology Indicators database contains 151 main data series selected from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Scientific and Technological Indicators database for 30 OECD member countries and nine non-member countries.

• OECD Measuring Globalisation Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Measuring Globalisation Statistics database contains figures on foreign affiliates by investing country in the manufacturing sector, covering variables such as number of enterprises, total employees, gross output, imports/exports, gross fixed capital formation and Research and Development expenditures.

• OECD National Accounts

  The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) National Accounts presents a series of databases all containing data related to national accounts and their components including comparable statistics for key indicators from 1995 onwards. Countries covered vary but generally include OECD countries and a select group of non-OECD countries.

   

• OECD Services Statistics

  The annually updated Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Services Statistics series runs from 1970 and comprises two databases: 'Statistics on Value Added and Employment', which includes national accounts statistics on output (gross value added) and employment in service activities, and 'Statistics on International Trade in Services' which covers trade in services.

• OECD Social and Welfare Statistics

  The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Social and Welfare Statistics include internationally comparable statistics on public and private social expenditure at programme level. Previously called the OECD Social Expenditure Database, updated versions from Jan 2013 onwards will include include Pensions at a Glance data.

   

• OECD Structural Analysis

  The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Structural Analysis (STAN) portfolio includes four databases each useful at different units of analyses. It can be used to analyse industrial structure and the evolution of industrial performance (e.g. import penetration, investment per employee, export market shares) within and across countries.

• UNIDO Demand-Supply databases

  The two United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Demand-Supply databases included in the dataset cover up to 80 countries from 1981 onwards, and contain data on domestic output, apparent consumption, imports from the world, developing countries and industrialized countries, and exports to the world, developing countries and industrialized countries.

• UNIDO Industrial Statistics

  The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Industrial Statistics Databases contain data broken down by country, industry and year for variables such as number of establishments, wages and salaries and number of female employees. The databanks are built around the International Standard Industries Classification (ISIC) code system, which classifies industry broadly along product lines (such as food, textiles, iron and steel).

• World Bank Africa Development Indicators

  The World Banks Africa Development Indicators (ADI) provide annual time series data  for over 1,600 indicators for each country. Topics covered include national accounts, balance of payments, trade, prices and government finance and external debt with data on household welfare, demography, health, education, the regulatory environment, communications, transport, energy and the environment.

• World Bank International Debt Statistics

  The World Bank International Debt Statistics (IDS), previously known as Global Development Finance, contains more than 200 debt and financial flows indicators for over 130 countries from 1970 onwards and covers external debt stocks and flows, major economic aggregates, and key debt ratios as well as average terms of new commitments, currency composition of long-term debt, debt restructuring, and scheduled debt service projections.

• World Bank World Development Indicators

  The World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) contain statistical data for over 600 development indicators for over 200 countries and 18 country groups running from 1960 onwards. The extensive collection of development data includes social, economic, financial, natural resources and environmental indicators.

The UK Data Service provides access to a large collection of business microdata, provided by the Office for National Statistics.  These data are relatively identifiable, and can therefore be accessed through a Secure Access route (see Secure Access).

The data are collected through a wide range of surveys (and some administrative sources), and cover:

• productivity
• innovation
• workforce skills
• earnings
• international trade
• foreign direct investment
• research and development
• business demography
• industrial relations

Almost all of the data are collected using the sampling frame of the Inter-Departmental Business Register.  It is therefore possible to combine data for the same company from two or more surveys, increasing the range of research and hypotheses that can be tested.

Unlike business microdata that can be downloaded (such as from Companies House), these data are more detailed and, as they are collected under the Statistics of Trade Act 1947, can only be accessed in a secure setting to ensure confidentiality.

Please use Discover to search for business microdata:

• Discover business microdata
• Discover case studies relating to business microdata

• Annual Respondents Database

  The Annual Respondents Database (ARD) is a widely-used source of information about business organisations.  Sourced from a number of surveys, the series begins in the early 1970s by providing productivity data for manufacturing firms in the UK.  Other sectors including retail, services, catering, construction, property, motoring and wholesale were added from the late 1990s onwards.

  The data also include limited information, such as employment and industrial classification, at the 'plant' level (for example branches, manufacturing plants) belonging to the same company.

  The dataset contains over 1000 variables, and in particular, a firm-level measure of productivity (gross value added).

• Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings

  The Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE), is a large panel survey of employees' hours of work and wages collected from organisations in Great Britain for just under 1% of workers (approximately 150,000 - 160,000 observations) per year.

  ASHE replaced the New Earnings Survey in 2002, to include data from the self-employed and more accurate weighting instruments.  The survey data are considered more accurate than other labour market surveys because the wage data are provided by employers, rather than individual workers.  Data on bonus payments and overtime are also included. 

  The data can also be combined with other business microdata collected by the Office for National Statistics.  This has enabled studies of how business environments affect wage rates and hours of work, and vice versa.

   

• Business Structure Database

  The Business Database (BSD) is an annual extract of the Inter-department Business Register (IDBR), a database of business organisations used throughout Government.  Organisations that are registered for VAT or pay at least one member of staff through the Pay As You Earn (PAYE) tax system, will appear on this register.

  It is therefore one of the largest sources of data about business organisations in the UK.  The BSD snapshot contains limited information (turnover, employment, industrial classification for example), but offers researchers an enormous sample of observations to work with.  The inclusion of demographic variables (including company start-up date and wind-down) also provides insights into business cycles.

• UK Innovation Survey

  The UK Innovation Survey collects data from organisations, designed to capture advances in innovative activity.  This includes innovations in:

  • production
  • new goods and services
  • markets in which businesses operate

  The survey also collects information about expenditure on innovative activities.

Qualitative data is non-numeric information, such as in-depth interview transcripts, diaries, anthropological field notes, answers to open-ended survey questions, audio-visual recordings and images.  Mixed methods approaches combine qualitative data with numeric data.

• Discover qualitative or mixed methods data
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• Affluent Worker in the Class Structure

  The 'Affluent Worker' project was undertaken to test empirically the thesis of working class embourgeoisement. The research studied the attitudes and behaviour of high wage earners in three mass or continous flow companies.

• Family Life and Work Experience Before 1918

  This study comprises 537 life story interviews which were recorded in the 1970s with a cross-national sample of people born before 1918 in the UK. These interviews formed the basis of the first national oral history project in the United Kingdom.

• Family Life of Old People

  The Family Life of Old People study examined the growing perception that a breakdown in extended family networks was leaving old people isolated, and creating an increasing demand for residential care.

• Gender Difference, Anxiety and the Fear of Crime

  This research focused on crime and its relation to risk of victimisation and the suggestion that high-risk groups, in particular, young men, report lower fear than low-risk groups, in particular, older women.

• Last Refuge

  In the late 1950s Peter Townsend undertook a national study which investigated the provision of long-stay institutional care for old people in England and Wales. The study sought to ask "Are long stay institutions for old people necessary in our society, and, if so, what form should they take?"

• Neighbourhood Boundaries, Social Disorganisation and Social Exclusion

  The central aim of the research was to investigate the underlying premises of UK neighbourhood crime policies through a comparative study of the responses to crime and disorder within both affluent and deprived neighbourhoods, the extent and nature of informal means of social control utilised by their residents and how collective efficacy is related to social capital and social cohesion.

• Poverty In The United Kingdom: A Survey Of Household Resources And Standards Of Living

  The Poverty in The United Kingdom study aimed to collect comprehensive information on all forms of resources (including income and assets) and indicative information on deprivation and style of living in order to define and measure poverty among a representative sample of the population of the United Kingdom.

• Retail Competition And Consumer Choice

  This project addressed the implication of the growth in concentration in food retailing in the UK – resulting from the consolidation and small store decline over the long term - with reference to its impact on consumer choice.