Glossary

The target population, or simply the population, represents the specific group we are interested in studying.

A statistical method for analyzing data points collected at regular intervals over time. Time-series analysis is used to identify and model trends, cycles, seasonal effects, and other temporal patterns within the data. This approach is fundamental in fields such as economics, finance, environmental science, and social science for understanding historical dynamics and forecasting future values.

Records the precise date and time of an event, such as file creation, message sending, or a transaction. It is often used to verify when the activity occurred.

Tokens in AI are the basic data units, such as character segments, words, or parts of words, used by large language models (LLMs) like GPT and Claude to process, comprehend, and produce text.

A setting that controls how varied or predictable an LLM’s responses are. Rather than considering all possible words when generating a response, the model restricts its choices to the most probable options until a set probability threshold is reached. A lower threshold produces more focused and predictable outputs; a higher threshold allows for more varied and creative responses.