Glossary

The unit which is being analysed. This is synonymous to Case.

Univariate analysis involves analysis of a single variable. Examples of univariate analyses include descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, kurtosis) goodness-of-fit tests and the Student’s t-test.

Is used in unsupervised learning tasks where the machine learning model is given data without any labels or tags and is asked to identify possible patterns or clusters within the data. See also Machine learning, Unsupervised learning, Semi-supervised learning and Labelled data.

A method used to train systems using unlabelled data. In unsupervised learning, the machine learning model learns to find patterns or groupings within the data by comparing each point to every other point. The output is a set of possible patterns or groups that the model has identified. For example, customer data might be grouped into suggested customer segments based on the behaviour captured in the data rather than predetermined categories. See also Machine learning, Supervised learning, Semi-supervised learning and Unlabelled data.